排序方式: 共有66条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
31.
Tesshu Ikawa Amu Kawaguchi Takahiro Okabe Tadashi Ninomiya Yuko Nakamichi Midori Nakamura Shunsuke Uehara Hiroaki Nakamura Nobuyuki Udagawa Naoyuki Takahashi Hiroaki Nakamura Shigeyuki Wakitani 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2011
The effects of gravity on bone metabolism are unclear, and little has been reported about the effects of hypergravity on the mature skeleton. Since low gravity has been shown to decrease bone volume, we hypothesized that hypergravity increases bone volume. To clarify this hypothesis, adult female rats were ovariectomized and exposed to hypergravity (2.9G) using a centrifugation system. The rats were killed 28 days after the start of loading, and the distal femoral metaphysis of the rats was studied. Bone architecture was assessed by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and bone mineral density was measured using peripheral quantitative CT (pQCT). Hypergravity increased the trabecular bone volume of ovariectomized rats. Histomorphometric analyses revealed that hypergravity suppressed both bone formation and resorption and increased bone volume in ovariectomized rats. 相似文献
32.
S.A. Kiehas V.S. Semenov I.V. Kubyshkin M.V. Kubyshkina T. Penz H.K. Biernat R. Nakamura 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2008,41(8):1292-1297
Magnetic reconnection is one of the most fundamental processes in the magnetosphere. We present here a simple method to determine the essential parameters of reconnection such as reconnected flux and location of the reconnection site out of single spacecraft data via remote sensing. On the basis of a time-dependent reconnection model, the dependence of the reconnected flux on the magnetic field z-component Bz is shown. The integral of Bz over time is proportional to the reconnected flux and depends on the distance between the reconnection site and the actual position where Bz is measured. This distance can be estimated from analysis of magnetic field Bz data. We apply our method to Cluster measurements in the Earth’s magnetotail. 相似文献
33.
Hideo HANADA Seiitsu TSURUTA Kazuyoshi ASARI Hiroshi ARAKI Hirotomo NODA Shingo KASHIMA Ken-ichi FUNAZAKI Fuyuhiko KIKUCHI Koji MATSUMOTO Yusuke KONO Hiroo KUNIMORI Sho SASAKI 《深空探测学报》2014,1(3):200-204
使用面包板模型和仿真方法,在实验室内研究月球指向就位测量望远镜(ILOM)的基本特征,如望远镜星像中心点位置精度、温度效应、倾斜以及地面震动的影响。使用这个技术预期在月球表面观测月球自转时可以达到1ms的精度。将在地面上开展测试验证观测以全面评价达到优于0.1″观测精度目标所需条件和特征。 相似文献
34.
Lori S. Glaze Colin F. Wilson Liudmila V. Zasova Masato Nakamura Sanjay Limaye 《Space Science Reviews》2018,214(5):89
Despite the tremendous progress that has been made since the publication of the Venus II book in 1997, many fundamental questions remain concerning Venus’ history, evolution and current geologic and atmospheric processes. The international science community has taken several approaches to prioritizing these questions, either through formal processes like the Planetary Decadal Survey in the United States and the Cosmic Vision in Europe, or informally through science definition teams utilized by Japan, Russia, and India. These questions are left to future investigators to address through a broad range of research approaches that include Earth-based observations, laboratory and modeling studies that are based on existing data, and new space flight missions. Many of the highest priority questions for Venus can be answered with new measurements acquired by orbiting or in situ missions that use current technologies, and several plausible implementation concepts have been studied and proposed for flight. However, observations needed to address some science questions pose substantial technological challenges, for example, long term survival on the surface of Venus and missions that require surface or controlled aerial mobility. Missions enabled by investments in these technologies will open the door to completely new ways of exploring Venus to provide unique insights into Venus’s past and the processes at work today. 相似文献
35.
推荐了一种使用新型高频变压器连接的全桥软开关移相脉宽调制(PWM)控制的DC-DC功率变换器。可以把此种功率变换器用作小型光伏电池与燃料电池发电系统的功率调节器以及汽车交流电源的隔离式升压DC-DC功率变换器。在低压大电流电源中,全桥电路是最具吸引力的拓扑,因为可以使用低压高性能金属氧化半导体场效应晶体管(MOSFET),并且能实现DC-DC功率变换器的高效率。为了能在大负载波动范围内实现软开关运行,新近在全桥移相PWMdc-dc变换器的输出级采用了包含续流二极管的抽头电感滤波器。在本文推荐的电路中,无需使用附加谐振电路和辅助功率变换器件就能有效降低循环电流。采用设置为1kW 100kHz的实验模板(使用功率MOSFET)对本文推荐的软开关dc-dc功率变换器的实际效率进行了实验室级别的试验。大工作比和负载变化范围内得到的实际效率为94~97%。 相似文献
36.
为了更有效地描述点状奇异性指数沿样本路径变化的信号,利用多分形的概念,在基于离散小波变换技术的基础上,提出了一种合成多分形布朗运动的新算法.该算法通过控制高斯白噪声的小波系数权来获得期望的信号局部正则性,而合成过程的收敛性由收敛因子保证.通过与基于Durbin-Levinson 和轮换矩阵嵌入技术算法的比较以及数字仿真试验,表明提出的算法不仅计算复杂度低,而且适用于生成非高斯的、自协方差函数事先未知的多分形过程. 相似文献
37.
Koji Matsumoto Hideo Hanada Noriyuki Namiki Takahiro Iwata Sander Goossens Seiitsu Tsuruta Nobuyuki Kawano David D. Rowlands 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2008
Results of numerical simulations are presented to examine the global gravity field recovery capability of the Japanese lunar exploration project SELENE (SELenological and ENgineering Explorer) which will be launched in 2007. New characteristics of the SELENE lunar gravimetry include 4-way satellite-to-satellite Doppler tracking of main orbiter and differential VLBI tracking of two small free-flier satellites. It is shown that the proposed satellite constellation will provide the first truly global satellite tracking data coverage. The expected results from these data are; (1) drastic reduction in far-side gravity error, (2) estimation of many gravity coefficients by the observation, not by a priori information, and (3) one order of magnitude improvement over existing gravity models for low-degree field. 相似文献
38.
Akira Fujiwara Naomi Onose Masato Setoh Akiko M. Nakamura Kensuke Hiraoka Sunao Hasegawa Kyoko Okudaira 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2014
The cylindrical column of brittle material processed from soil and rock is a fundamental component of architectures on the surface of solid bodies in the solar system. One of the most hazardous events for the structure is damaging by hypervelocity impacts by meteoroids and debris. In such a background, cylindrical columns made of plaster of Paris and glass-bead-sintered ceramic were impacted by spherical projectiles of nylon, glass, and steel at velocity of about 1–4.5 km/s. Measured crater radii, depth, and excavated mass expressed by a function of the cylinder radius are similar irrespective of the target material, if those parameters are normalized by appropriate parameters of the crater produced on the flat-surface target. The empirical scaling relations of the normalized crater radii and depth are provided. Using them, crater dimensions and excavated mass of crater on cylindrical surface of any radius can be predicted from the existing knowledge of those for flat surface. Recommendation for the minimum diameter of a cylinder so as to resist against a given impact is provided. 相似文献
39.
Lightning activity in Venus has been a mystery for a long period, although many studies based on observations both by spacecraft and by ground-based telescope have been carried out. This situation may be attributed to the ambiguity of these evidential measurements. In order to conclude this controversial subject, we are developing a new type of lightning detector, LAC (Lightning and Airglow Camera), which will be onboard Planet-C (Venus Climate Orbiter: VCO). Planet-C will be launched in 2010 by JAXA. To distinguish an optical lightning flash from other pulsing noises, high-speed sampling at 50 kHz for each pixel, that enables us to investigate the time variation of each lightning flash phenomenon, is adopted. On the other hand, spatial resolution is not the first priority. For this purpose we developed a new type of APD (avalanche photo diode) array with a format of 8×8. A narrow band interference filter at wavelength of 777.4 nm (OI), which is the expected lightning color based on laboratory discharge experiment, is chosen for lightning measurement. LAC detects lightning flash with an optical intensity of average of Earth’s lightning or less at a distance of 3 Rv. In this paper, firstly we describe the background of the Venus lightning study to locate our spacecraft project, and then introduce the mission details. 相似文献
40.
Alan Drysdale Takashi Nakamura Neil Yorio John Sager Ray Wheeler 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2008
Plant lighting is a critical issue for cost effectiveness of bioregenerative systems. A plant lighting system using sunlight has been investigated and compared to systems using electrical lighting. Co-generation of electricity and use of in situ resource utilization (ISRU) were also considered. The fixed part of equivalent system mass was found to be reduced by factors of from 3.1 to 3.9, according to the mission assumptions. The time-dependent part of equivalent system mass was reduced by a smaller value, of about 1.05. Cost effectiveness of bioregeneration has been compared to the cost of shipping food. Break-even times for different Lunar and Mars missions were generally in the order of 2–10 years, and were quite sensitive to the assumptions. There is significant scope for future refinement of these values, and work is ongoing. 相似文献